Pectus excavatum (funnel chest) is a condition where the front of the chest is sunken. This is caused by abnormally shaped ribs.
Why does it occur?
Pectus excavatum can occur at or soon after birth. However, in the majority of cases, it occurs following a growth spurt. Typically, this happens as young people leave primary education and are entering secondary education (11-14 years). It is caused by abnormal growth of the cartilage ribs that attach to the sternum (breastbone). In some rare occasions, there may be a genetic explanation for the condition (e.g. Marfan’s Syndrome).
How will it affect me?
In mild cases, there is no obvious effect apart from the appearance of your chest. In more severe cases, it may have an effect on heart and lung function.
How common is it?
It is estimated that it occurs in less than 10 people per 1000 in the UK. Boys are affected 4 times as often as girls.
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made by looking at your chest. Other tests may be necessary to look at your heart and lungs, especially if considering treatment.
What is the treatment?
There are 2 main treatment options:
- Mild cases of pectus excavatum may require no corrective treatment. Physiotherapy assessment and advice may be recommended, aimed at improving posture, core strength and breathing. Exercise also plays an important role in the treatment of pectus excavatum to maintain flexibility, strength, and good posture to minimise any impact of anterior chest wall deformity.
- For some children and young people we will offer a Vacuum Bell device.
Surgery is only required for more complex cases, after completing a full assessment process and ensuring this is the right option for the young person. Typically, we would undertake the Nuss Operation.